美国科学社会主义

原创作者：吴建勋（中国当代思想家）

 

（1）美国科学社会主义制度

美国科学社会主义制度是指美国人民当家作主的社会制度。

（2）美国人民领袖制度

美国的人民领袖又称为总统，因此美国人民领袖制度又称为美国总统制度。

美国科学社会主义制度首先体现在美国总统制度上。

美国总统是由全体美国人民选举的，代表全体美国人民利益的政治领袖。

美国人民军队是效忠于全体美国人民的军队，由总统代表美国人民担任军队的最高统率。

①总统的提名

美国总统的提名由现任总统提名三人作为候选人。如果现任被弹劾掉了，则由执政党中央委员会提名三个人选。如果现任去世，则由执政党中央委员会提名三个人选。

美国“人民党”是美国人民的执政党，是美国员工阶级的党组织，是美国人民的党组织。

②总统的选举制度：总统由全体人民投票一人一票产生，由参议院的选举委员会负责选举组织工作。选举分两个阶段，一是三个候选人竞选，淘汰一个人；二是剩下的两个再选举，胜出者当选。

美国科学社会主义的全国人民代表大会名称是“参议院”。

总统的全体人民选举的经济前提是公有经济占主要地位。

③总统弹劾制度：总统是不是合乎人民利益要求，人民代表可以根据自己的判断提出弹劾提案，再在通过人民代表大会弹劾软件平台发布，人民代表一个人就可以提出弹劾案，有百分之十的人赞同，则可以启动弹劾案。赞同弹劾的票数超过百分之五十，则为弹劾有效。

④总统的就职仪式：由参议院礼仪委员会组织，在华盛顿的白宫举行，向社会主义制度宣誓。

（3）经济系统

美国的经济系统的社会主义制度的功能分化为公有经济占主要地位，支配地位，私有经济占次要地位。

公有经济是美国人民拥有国家政权的经济基础。

公有经济、私有经济、公私混合经济为美国科学社会主义的基本制度经济形式。

美国的经济是为美国人民服务的，本质上是人民经济。

免费教育、免费医疗、免费养老、免费公共设施、廉价住房、廉价公共交通是美国科学社会主义人民的六大基本经济人权。

（4）组织系统

参议院一届五年，和总统任期一样。参议员不能连任，总统可以连任一届。

美国参议院是美国人民代表大会的秘书机构，负责选举总统的事宜，同时负责立法工作。

参议院的议员就是美国人民代表，人民代表在美国称为参议员。参议员由全体美国人民选举产生。

参议院参议员当选人数数额规定如下：

一是资本家的总人数是统计全国规模在在职人员百人以上的企业资本家股东总人数。以这个总人数占全国当时总人口的比例。这个比例就是资本家占全体议员人数的比例。据此，计算出资本家的议员数量，四省五入。

二是官员分为公务员官员，事业单位官员和公有企业官员，这些官员当选议员的人数也要受到严格限制。如何限制呢？

公务员中按行政级别来限定人数，即：全国的村委班子成员人数，加上副科长以上人数，这个总数是公务员官员数量。这个数量占全国总人口的比例，作为计算这些官员占据参议员人数的比例。也就是说，参议员的总人数乘以这个比例得出官员的参议员数额，四省五入。

三是事业单位在职中层及以上管理人员总数与全国人口总数的比例为计算事业单位在职管理人员占参议员人数比例，也是四省五入。

四是公有企业在职中层及以上管理人员一律计算在内，其总数占全国总人口的比例作为计算企业在职管理人员占参议员人数的比例，也是四省五入。

五是上述以外的其他人员享用参议员数是全国参议员总数减去上述参议员人数后的结果数。这个结果数就是其他人员的参议员数量。

同时，参议员有规章制度，违反纪律的可由美国人民检举，并予以处罚，直到撤销参议员资格。参议院检察机构执行参议员规章制度，并公开违纪详情，公布处罚结果。

美国的公务员是人民的一员， 是为人民服务的。

美国的组织机构结构是参议院，以及总统制下的众议院，行政机构，司法机构，监督机构，人口机构等。同时，各地方也有相应的行政机构，司法机构，监督机构，人口机构等。

美国人民党是美国人民团结起来的组织保障，也是美国人民拥有国家权力的组织保障。

美国人民党是美国科学社会主义的唯一执政党。

言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威的自由是美国人民的基本政治人权。

（5）思想系统

美国人民的信仰是共产主义。同时，美国尊重人民的宗教信仰自由。

美国人民的主流思想是社会主义思想，同时也允许不同思想的相互讨论。

（6）美国科学社会主义革命胜利的路径

现阶段的美国分为资本家阶级和员工阶级两大阶级阵营。员工阶级要通过革命强化公有企业的建设，首先获得美国公有经济的支配地位，然后建立社会主义政权。具体措施如下：

一是员工阶级要成立一个属于自己的政党，即人民党。宗旨就是人民要当家作主。除了不赞成社会主义的资本家，广大美国人民都可以参加人民党，并由党组织批准。人民党代表广大美国人民的利益，当然，不赞成社会主义的资本家除外。这就是说，美国公务员，军人，司法人员，企业员工，教师，学生等一切拥护社会主义的人都是美国员工阶级的阶级兄弟。

美国员工阶级的敌人只有一个，就是“反对美国科学社会主义的美国资本家”。

员工阶级在取得美国科学社会主义政权后，改称为美国人民。而那些经过改造在法律上承认美国科学社会主义制度的“前员工阶级的敌人”，也成为人民。但是，那些死不悔改，法律上仍然不赞成美国科学社会主义的人是美国人民的敌人。也可以称为反对阶级，这些人仍然可以在美国生活，工作，但被排除在社会主义主流政治之外。

二是人民党要积极发展壮大，成为美国的第一大党派。

三是人民党要在党主席的带领下，团结带领员工阶级积极参与美国总统选举，获得广大美国人民的支持，取得总统权力。党主席成为美国总统。

四是以总统为依托积极发展美国公有制企业，使公有经济占据美国经济的主要地位，使美国的私有经济占次要地位。

五是人民党要积极革命，团结愿意搞社会主义的资本家，把参议院改为美国全国人民代表大会的“内涵”，名称仍然称为“参议院”。

六是人民党要积极革命，把众议院改为在野党人民参政议政的党派政治协商场所。“众议院”名称不变，但它在内涵上变成了一个政治协商机构。

七是人民党也要做好武装斗争的准备，“和平革命”不能成功，就武装革命夺取资本主义的政权，建立社会主义政权。

八是军队归总统管理，是人民的军队。

九是建立美国人民共和国。

十是美国人民共和国是美国科学社会主义制度的国家。

（本文是吴建勋在他的思想著作《思想在思考》三部曲之一《人类社会及其经济学》第十七章第6节“美国科学社会主义制度”的基础上，稍作修改而成。为什么要修改呢？这是因为第6节的前面有第4节专门论述“社会主义制度”，它是第6节的前提，这就有一些内容需要加进来，才能把“美国科学社会主义“单独成篇。第5节是中国科学社会主义，第7节是俄罗斯科学社会主义。）

 

American Scientific Socialism

Author: Wu Jianxun (a thinker of contemporary China)

 

 (1) American Scientific Socialism System

American Scientific Socialism System is a kind of socialism system that American people are masters of the country.

 (2) American People Leader System

People Leader of the United States is also called as President. Therefore, American People Leader System can also be called as American Presidential System.

American Scientific Socialism System firstly reflects in American Presidential System.

The President of the United States is a political leader elected by all American people and representing the interests of all Americans.

The People's Army of the United States owes allegiance to the entire American people. The president represents the American people as the supreme commander of the army.

①Nomination of President

Three candidates will be nominated by the current president. If the current president is impeached and leave his/her position or dies, the three candidates will be nominated by the Central Committee of the ruling party.

The American “People's Party” is the ruling party of the United States, the party organization of the American Employee Class and American people.

②American President Election System: The president is elected by votes from all American people and each people have one ticket. The election committee of the Senate is responsible for electing the organization. The election is divided into two phases. The first phase is that three candidates run for election and the last one is eliminated. The second phase is that the remaining two are re-elected and the winner is elected to be the president of America.

 “Senate” is the name of the National People's Congress of American Scientific Socialism.

One of the economic premises of the president's election throughout America is that American Public Economy occupy a dominant position of US economy.

③ Presidential Impeachment System: Whether the president meets the interests of American people, deputies to the National People’s Congress can propose impeachment proposals according to their own judgments, and then publish them through the impeachment software platform of the People's Congress. One deputy to the National People’s Congress alone can propose impeachment case, and if 10 percent of the deputies agree, the impeachment case is allowed to start. When more than 50% of deputies vote positively, the case is seen as valid for impeachment.

④Presidential Inauguration: Organized by the Senate etiquette committee the inauguration is held at the White House in Washington and the new president shall make a vow to the socialist system.

 (3). Economic System

The function of the socialist system of the US economic system is divided into the dominant position of the Public Economy, the dominant position, and the Private Economy as a secondary.

The Public Economy is the economic basis for American people to own state power.

The Public Economy, the Private Economy, and the Public-Private Mixed Economy are the basic institutional economic forms of American scientific socialism.

The American economy serves the American people and is essentially the People's Economy.

Free education, free medical care, free old-age care, free public facilities, low-cost housing, and cheap public transportation are the six basic economic human rights of the American scientific socialist people.

 (4) Organization system

Each term of the Senate is five-year long, which is the same as the presidential tenure. The senator cannot be re-elected but the president can be re-elected for one time.

The US Senate can be seen as the secretary organization of the American People's Congress, who is responsible for electing the president and for legislative work.

Members of the Senate can be seen as deputies to the National People’s Congress, and in the US they are called senators. The senators are elected by all Americans.

The number of elected senators is as follows:

Firstly, the total number of capitalists is the total number of shareholders of enterprise capitalists with more than 100 employees nationwide. The proportion of this total population to the total population of the country at that time. According to this, This ratio is the ratio of capitalists to the total number of members of parliament， and if the number is not a whole number, round it.

Second, officials are divided into officials of civil servant, of Government-affiliated institutions and of Public Enterprise officials. The number of elected officials is also severely restricted. How to limit it?

The number of civil servants is limited by the administrative level, that is, the number of members of the village committee in the country, plus the number of deputy chiefs, is the total number of officers of civil servants. The proportion of the total population of the country is as a percentage of the number of senators occupied by these officials. That is to say, the total number of senators multiplied by this ratio is the amount of the senators of the official, and if the number is not a whole number, round it.

Third, the ratio of the total number of middle-level and above managers in the Government-affiliated institutions to the total population of the whole country is to calculate the proportion of in-service managers in public institutions to the number of senators. If the number is not a whole number, round it.

Fourth, all the middle-level and above managers managers of the Public Enterprises are counted, and the proportion of their total number to the total population in the country is as the ratio of the number of in-service managers in the company to the number of senators. If the number is not a whole number, round it.

Fifth, the total senators number minuses the number of senators who are mentioned above is the number of senators from other people and groups.

Moreover, rules and regulations are settled for senators that disciplinary violations can be reported by the American people and punished till the senator's qualification is revoked. The Senate Procuratorate enforces the rules and regulations, publicizes details of the violations and announces the punishment results.

Civil servants in the United States are members of the people and serve them， and serve the American people.

Organizations such as Senate of the US, House of Representatives under the presidential system, the administrative machineries, judicial institutions, the supervisory bodies, and the population agencies co-build the structure of American institutional framework. At the same time, corresponding administrative agencies, judicial institutions, supervisory agencies, and population agencies are also established in various places.

The People's Party of America is the organizational guarantee organized by American people and ensures American people to own state power.

The American People's Party is the only ruling party in American scientific socialism.

Basic political human right of the American people consists of freedom of speech, of publication, of assembly, of association, of procession, and of demonstration.

 (5) Thought system

Communism is the belief of American people. And the United States respects her people’s religious belief freedom.

Socialist ideology is the mainstream thinking of the American people, and different ideas are allowed for mutual discussion.

 (6) Path to the victory of the American scientific socialist revolution

Two major classes of the Capitalist Class and the Employee Class occupy the United States at this stage. The Employee Class shall strengthen the construction of Public Enterprises through revolution with a first step of obtaining the dominant position of the US public economy, and second of establishing a socialist political power. The specific measures are as follows:

First, the Employee Class is supposed to establish a political party of its own, as called as the People's Party, whose purpose is that the people be the masters of the country. In addition to the capitalists who disapprove of socialism, all American people can participate in the People's Party and be approved by the party organization. The People's Party represents the interests of the vast majority of the American people, except those capitalists who do not approve of socialism, of course. That is to say, all American civil servants, militaries, judicial personnels, corporate employees, teachers, students and other people who support socialism are brothers of the American Employee Class.

The only one enemy of the American Employee Class is “the American capitalist who opposes American scientific socialism”.

After the American scientific socialist regime was acquired, the Employee Class was renamed the American people. Those “former enemy of the Employee Class” that have been transformed to legally recognize the American scientific socialist system have also become the people. However, those who do not repent and who still do not approve of scientific socialism in the United States will become the enemies of the American people. They can also be called the opposition class. These people can still live and work in the United States, but are excluded from the mainstream socialist politics.

Second, the People's Party is supposed to actively develop and grow to become the largest party in the United States.

Third, the People's Party is supposed to unite and lead the Employee Class to actively participate in the US presidential election under the leadership of the chairman of the party, gain the support of the majority of the American people, and obtain presidential power. The party chairman is supposed to became the president of the United States.

Fourth, active development to American Public Enterprises by relying on the president is required, so that the Public Economy occupy a dominant position of US economy. of US economy, making the US Private Economy a secondary position.

Fifth, the People's Party is supposed to actively revolutionize, unite and be willing to engage in socialist capitalists. The essence of Senate is supposed to be transformed to what of National People's Congress, with its name still being “Senate”.

Sixth, the People's Party is supposed to actively revolutionize and transform the House of Representatives into a partisan political consultation venue for the parties out of power participating in the administration of state affairs. The name of the “House of Representatives” remains unchanged, though it has actually become a political consultative body.

Seventh, the People's Party is also supposed to prepare for armed struggle. Once the “peaceful revolution” fails, seizing the capitalist regime and establishing a socialist political power in the armed revolution are seen as necessaries.

Eighth, the army, which is the army of the people, is under the management of the president.

Ninth, the establishment of the People's Republic of America.

Tenth, the People's Republic of America is a scientific socialist country.

 (This article is slightly revised and modified based on “American Scientific Socialist System”, the Chapter 17, Section 6 of “Human Society and Its Economics”, which is one of Wu Jianxun's trilogy of his masterpiece “Thoughts are Thinking”. Why the article needs modification? This is because the Section 4, which is the premise, in front of the Section 6 has been devoted to the "socialist system". Some contents that need to be added in play a significant role in transferring it into another individual topic about “American scientific socialism”. Section 5 is Chinese scientific socialism and Section 7 is Russian scientific socialism.)